SELECT 
  a.modifier, 
  a.modifier_type, 
  a.variant_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_option_variants a 
WHERE 
  1 
  AND a.variant_id IN (180, 152)

Query time 0.00026

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "3.78"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "a",
      "access_type": "ALL",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 32,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 6,
      "filtered": "20.00",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "3.14",
        "eval_cost": "0.64",
        "prefix_cost": "3.78",
        "data_read_per_join": "307"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "variant_id",
        "modifier",
        "modifier_type"
      ],
      "attached_condition": "(`mobikul_delivery_boy_livedemo`.`a`.`variant_id` in (180,152))"
    }
  }
}

Result

modifier modifier_type variant_id
0.000 A 180
0.000 A 152